MCM 117 Assignment Questions and Answers

Department

Mass Communication

Assignment Questions

List and explain the 4 theories of development

Summarize pages 45-73

Try and change words so that many people won’t copy the same thing…

Department: Mass Communication

Assignment Questions

1. List and explain the 4 theories of development

2. Summarize pages 45-73 (the broadcasting content)

1. The Four Theories of Development

A. Modernization Theory

Modernization theory explains that societies develop by transforming from traditional to modern. This happens when they adopt Western-style technology, industrialization, education, and political systems. In essence, development is seen as a linear process where traditional values give way to modern values.

B. Dependency Theory

Dependency theory argues that underdevelopment in some nations results from their dependence on and exploitation by more developed countries. The global economic system favors rich countries, keeping poorer countries in a dependent and often unequal position, which hinders their independent growth.

C. World Systems Theory

World Systems Theory, introduced by Immanuel Wallerstein, divides the world into three groups: core, semi-periphery, and periphery nations. Core nations dominate the global economy and benefit the most, while periphery nations are exploited for resources and labor. Semi-periphery nations fall somewhere in between, having some features of both core and periphery.

D. Communication and Development Theory

This theory emphasizes the role of mass media in driving development. It posits that effective communication “through radio, television, and now the internet” can educate the public, spread modern ideas, and empower communities to participate in their own progress. In other words, a well-informed society is more likely to develop economically and socially.

2. Summary of Pages 45 – 73

The pages on broadcasting explain the core ideas of how messages are transmitted to large, diverse audiences using electronic media.

Definition & Process:

Broadcasting is the act of sending out messages, images, or sounds over a wide area using devices such as radios and televisions. It turns information into electronic signals that are received simultaneously by many people across different locations.

Key Characteristics:

For a communication process to be considered broadcasting, it must:

• Reach a large and dispersed audience.

• Use electronic media (like radio waves, cables, or satellite signals).

• Ensure that all recipients get the message at the same time.

• Operate as a one-way process where feedback is limited.

• Cover a wide geographic area.

• Be conducted through licensed stations and regulated by government agencies.

• Utilize both audio and visual elements (in the case of television).

Functions of Broadcasting:

Broadcasting serves multiple roles in society:

• Information Dissemination: Delivers news and updates quickly.

• Education: Supports distance learning and public service announcements.

• Entertainment: Provides programs like music, dramas, and sports.

• Cultural Promotion: Helps preserve and showcase local traditions.

• Advertising: Acts as a medium for businesses to reach potential customers.

• Public Enlightenment: Informs citizens about important issues like health and safety.

Types of Broadcasting:

The content covers different forms of broadcasting:

Radio Broadcasting:

Includes analogue radio (AM and FM), digital radio (such as DAB), internet radio, and satellite radio. There are also various formats like community, commercial, amateur, music, and campus radio.

Television Broadcasting:

Encompasses analogue terrestrial TV, digital terrestrial TV, cable television, satellite television, and internet TV. Television combines audio and visual elements to provide a richer communication experience.

Advantages & Disadvantages:

• Radio:

Advantages include wide reach, affordability, and portability, while disadvantages include its limitation to audio and possible signal interference.

• Television:

Advantages are its engaging audio-visual format and ability to broadcast live events; disadvantages include higher production costs and less portability.

Challenges Facing Broadcasting:

Broadcasting faces several challenges, including government regulations, censorship, high operating costs, and competition from digital platforms. Additionally, issues like poor signal reception, lack of funding for public broadcasters, and misinformation in media also affect its effectiveness.

Future of Broadcasting:

The future of broadcasting is shifting towards digital and online platforms. Streaming services, social media integration, and on-demand content are gradually replacing traditional radio and TV broadcasting. However, terrestrial broadcasting remains important, especially in areas with limited internet access.

Conclusion

Broadcasting plays a crucial role in modern society by informing, educating, and entertaining people. Despite its challenges, it remains a powerful tool for communication, culture preservation, and national development. With technological advancements, broadcasting is evolving, adapting to new audience preferences and digital innovations.