GST 212 Past Questions and Answers
In this post, we’re sharing GST 212 Past Questions and Answers. Make sure you go through them carefully. If you have any questions, feel free to reach out to us on WhatsApp at 07075012541.
How to Write GST Quiz on Jetmav Easily and Pass | How I Did It
JOIN STUDENTSDASH WHATSAPP CHANNEL FOR ALL FREE MATERIALS AND INFO
CLICK HERE TO JOIN STUDENTSDASH TELEGRAM CHANNEL FOR ALL FREE MATERIALS AND INFO
=======================
EBSU GST 212 ANSWERS
- What is philosophy mainly concerned with?
A. Counting numbers
B. Asking basic questions about life and knowledge
C. Designing machines
D. Studying weather
Answer: B - Which branch of philosophy studies reality and being?
A. Ethics
B. Aesthetics
C. Metaphysics
D. Logic
Answer: C - Which branch of philosophy studies knowledge and belief?
A. Epistemology
B. Ontology
C. Axiology
D. Rhetoric
Answer: A - Axiology deals with:
A. The nature of numbers
B. Values such as ethics and beauty
C. Physical laws
D. Formal proofs
Answer: B - Which method of philosophy focuses on clear analysis of language and ideas?
A. Analytic method
B. Dialectical method
C. Descriptive method
D. Empirical method
Answer: A - Dialectical method involves:
A. Ignoring opposing views
B. Discussion of opposite views to reach truth
C. Only using math
D. Memorizing facts
Answer: B - What is a key problem in the mind-body debate?
A. Whether life exists on Mars
B. How mind and body relate (dualism vs materialism)
C. Which language is best
D. How to build computers
Answer: B - Free will vs determinism asks whether:
A. People can act freely or everything is caused
B. Time moves backwards
C. Animals can speak
D. Numbers are infinite
Answer: A - Which philosopher is famous for “I think, therefore I am” (Descartes)?
A. Plato
B. Aristotle
C. Descartes
D. Hume
Answer: C - What does “valid argument” mean in logic?
A. Conclusions are relevant to feelings
B. If premises are true, conclusion must be true
C. Premises are many in number
D. The argument uses complex words
Answer: B - What makes a valid argument also sound?
A. It has a long conclusion
B. Its premises are true and it is valid
C. It is hard to understand
D. It uses diagrams
Answer: B - What is a fallacy?
A. A true statement
B. A mistake in reasoning or argument
C. A scientific law
D. A type of culture
Answer: B - Which fallacy attacks the person instead of the argument?
A. Slippery slope
B. Ad hominem
C. Straw man
D. False cause
Answer: B - Straw man fallacy is:
A. Misrepresenting someone’s view to easily attack it
B. Building a structure from straw
C. Agreeing with everything
D. Giving a correct summary
Answer: A - False dilemma fallacy does what?
A. Offers only two choices when there are more
B. Gives many options
C. Uses numbers
D. Proves a fact
Answer: A - Which is a propositional connective meaning “and”?
A. ∨ (or)
B. → (if…then)
C. ∧ (and)
D. ¬ (not)
Answer: C - Which connective represents “not” in logic?
A. ∧
B. ∨
C. →
D. ¬
Answer: D - A tautology is a statement that is:
A. Always false
B. Always true
C. True sometimes only
D. Never meaningful
Answer: B - A contradiction is a statement that is:
A. Always false
B. Sometimes true
C. Always true
D. Never written down
Answer: A - In propositional logic, “If P then Q” is symbolized by:
A. P ∧ Q
B. P ∨ Q
C. P → Q
D. ¬P
Answer: C - The scope of philosophy includes:
A. Only science facts
B. Big questions about life, knowledge, values, and reality
C. Only math problems
D. Only laws of physics
Answer: B - What is “ontology”?
A. Study of being and existence
B. Study of cooking
C. Study of numbers
D. Study of weather
Answer: A - Which theory says only physical things exist?
A. Dualism
B. Idealism
C. Materialism
D. Platonism
Answer: C - Which view says reality is ultimately mental or spiritual?
A. Materialism
B. Idealism
C. Behaviorism
D. Empiricism
Answer: B - What is skepticism in epistemology?
A. Strong belief in everything
B. Doubt about knowledge claims
C. Liking new ideas
D. Study of stars
Answer: B - “Justification” in knowledge means:
A. Hiding the reason
B. Giving good reasons for belief
C. Forgetting facts
D. Making art
Answer: B - Which is a branch of axiology?
A. Epistemology
B. Ethics and Aesthetics
C. Logic
D. Physics
Answer: B - Ethics studies:
A. Right and wrong actions
B. Shapes and colors
C. How to calculate interest
D. Music notes
Answer: A - Aesthetics studies:
A. Moral duty
B. Beauty and art
C. Logic rules
D. Agricultural methods
Answer: B - What is “substance” in metaphysics?
A. Non-existent thing
B. That which exists independently and bears properties
C. A chemical only
D. A logical fallacy
Answer: B - “Accident” in metaphysics refers to:
A. Unexpected event only in cars
B. A property that depends on something else (non-essential)
C. The main essence of a thing
D. The cause of everything
Answer: B - The “mind-body problem” asks:
A. Whether mind and body are the same or different
B. Whether bodies float
C. How to lift weights
D. The speed of light
Answer: A - Dualism claims:
A. Mind and body are the same substance
B. Mind and body are two different substances
C. Only matter exists
D. Only ideas exist
Answer: B - Materialist view of mind says:
A. Mind is purely physical processes in the brain
B. Mind is a separate spiritual soul
C. Mind can fly
D. Mind is a mathematical formula
Answer: A - Which is a central problem in philosophy of religion often listed under “problem of evil”?
A. Why do people sing?
B. How can an all-powerful, all-good God allow evil?
C. How to solve math puzzles?
D. Why seasons change?
Answer: B - Causality concerns:
A. The relation of cause and effect
B. Musical rhythm
C. Political power only
D. Ethical rules
Answer: A - What does “truth” mean in correspondence theory?
A. Agreement with one’s feelings
B. Agreement between statement and reality
C. Agreement with popular opinion
D. Being hard to say
Answer: B - What is the coherence theory of truth?
A. Truth is what agrees with other true beliefs in a system
B. Truth is always simple
C. Truth depends on taste
D. Truth is random
Answer: A - Which problem is central to epistemology?
A. How to plant trees
B. How we can know anything with certainty
C. How to dance
D. How to build houses
Answer: B - What is “a priori” knowledge?
A. Knowledge from experience only
B. Knowledge independent of experience (e.g., math)
C. Knowledge found in books only
D. Knowledge after experiments
Answer: B - What is “a posteriori” knowledge?
A. Knowledge from taste
B. Knowledge gained from experience
C. Knowledge of future events only
D. Knowledge that cannot be stated
Answer: B - Which thinker is linked with existentialism and the idea of “absurd”?
A. Camus
B. Plato
C. Newton
D. Locke
Answer: A - “Authenticity” in existentialism means:
A. Being true to social roles only
B. Living honestly according to your own values and choices
C. Copying others
D. Avoiding choices
Answer: B - What is “angst” in existential thought?
A. Joy
B. Deep anxiety about freedom and meaning
C. A scientific law
D. A musical note
Answer: B - Which philosopher wrote about “being-in-the-world” and mortality (Heidegger)?
A. Hume
B. Heidegger
C. Kant
D. Mill
Answer: B - What does “the absurd” mean for Camus?
A. Life is always easy
B. The conflict between human search for meaning and a meaningless world
C. Everything is clear and logical
D. Science solves all problems
Answer: B - In argument structure, a premise is:
A. The final claim only
B. A reason given to support a conclusion
C. A question
D. A secret code
Answer: B - What is the conclusion of an argument?
A. The main claim the premises aim to support
B. A side note
C. A list of examples
D. A mistaken belief
Answer: A - “Begging the question” fallacy occurs when:
A. An argument assumes what it is trying to prove
B. You ask too many questions
C. You tell a story
D. You use data
Answer: A - Slippery slope fallacy claims:
A. Small step will lead to extreme, unlikely consequences without proof
B. Slippery roads cause accidents
C. All arguments are valid
D. Opponents agree quickly
Answer: A - Appeal to authority fallacy is when:
A. You use a correct scientific method
B. You accept a claim simply because an authority said it, without reasons
C. You cite many sources correctly
D. You use logic only
Answer: B - Hasty generalization fallacy is:
A. Drawing broad conclusions from small sample
B. Careful research
C. Making long arguments only
D. Using many examples
Answer: A - What is an argument form?
A. The physical paper used
B. The pattern of logical connection between premises and conclusion
C. The opinion of the writer
D. The color of the book cover
Answer: B - Which is NOT a logical connective?
A. And
B. Or
C. Because (causal connective in everyday language)
D. If…then
Answer: C - In formal logic, “P ∨ Q” is true when:
A. Both P and Q are false
B. At least one of P or Q is true
C. Both are false only
D. Neither P nor Q exist
Answer: B - In truth tables, conjunction (P ∧ Q) is true only when:
A. Both P and Q are true
B. At least one is true
C. Both are false
D. None exist
Answer: A - Conditional (P → Q) is false only when:
A. P true and Q false
B. P false and Q true
C. Both true
D. Both false
Answer: A - What is a propositional variable?
A. A number in algebra
B. A symbol that stands for a simple proposition (like P, Q)
C. A type of fallacy
D. A color name
Answer: B - Which is a method for testing validity in propositional logic?
A. Making a list of songs
B. Using truth tables
C. Counting words
D. Asking feelings
Answer: B - What is symbolic logic mainly used for?
A. Poetry only
B. Representing arguments clearly with symbols
C. Drawing maps
D. Cooking recipes
Answer: B - What does “soundness” require of an argument?
A. Valid form only
B. True premises and valid form
C. Many premises
D. Unknown premises
Answer: B - Which describes inductive reasoning?
A. If premises true, conclusion must be true
B. Premises provide probable support for conclusion
C. Always yields certainty
D. Is never used in science
Answer: B - Which describes deductive reasoning?
A. Moves from general rules to specific conclusion with necessity
B. Always uncertain
C. Based on feelings only
D. Never used in math
Answer: A - What is an example of a normative question in ethics?
A. What is the capital of Nigeria?
B. Is lying sometimes wrong?
C. How tall is the building?
D. What is 2+2?
Answer: B - Utilitarianism judges actions by:
A. Their beauty
B. The happiness or utility they produce for most people
C. Traditions only
D. Authority commands only
Answer: B - Deontology (Kantian ethics) focuses on:
A. Consequences only
B. Duty and rules regardless of consequences
C. Making more money
D. Being popular
Answer: B - Which term means “study of argument forms and inference”?
A. Aesthetics
B. Logic
C. Biology
D. Economics
Answer: B - A valid argument with false premises can have:
A. A false conclusion only
B. A true or false conclusion; validity concerns form only
C. No conclusion
D. Only true premises
Answer: B - Which is a simple fallacy of relevance?
A. Affirming the consequent
B. Ad hominem
C. Modus ponens
D. Contrapositive
Answer: B - Affirming the consequent is a logical mistake that has this form:
A. If P then Q; Q; therefore P
B. If P then Q; P; therefore Q
C. P and Q; therefore P
D. Not P; therefore not Q
Answer: A - Modus ponens is a valid form:
A. If P then Q; P; therefore Q
B. If P then Q; Q; therefore P
C. P or Q; therefore R
D. Not Q; therefore not P
Answer: A - Modus tollens is:
A. If P then Q; not Q; therefore not P
B. If P then Q; Q; therefore P
C. P and Q; therefore P
D. P; therefore P or Q
Answer: A - What is the aim of critical thinking?
A. Accept ideas quickly
B. Evaluate reasons and evidence carefully
C. Avoid all questions
D. Memorize facts only
Answer: B - Which is a cognitive bias that affects reasoning?
A. Neutrality
B. Confirmation bias (favoring information that fits your beliefs)
C. Mathematical proof
D. Logical deduction
Answer: B - What is the “principle of charity” in argument analysis?
A. Interpret opponents’ arguments in their strongest reasonable form
B. Ignore opposing views
C. Attack everything you read
D. Always disagree
Answer: A - What is “phenomenology” concerned with?
A. The catalog of species
B. The study of experience as it appears to consciousness
C. The history of wars
D. Counting stars
Answer: B - Which is a practical application of logic?
A. Making soup
B. Evaluating everyday reasoning and decisions
C. Painting only
D. Planting crops
Answer: B - Which is a characteristic of existentialist thought?
A. Emphasis on abstract laws only
B. Focus on individual freedom, choice, and responsibility
C. Always following tradition without question
D. Scientific method only
Answer: B - What is “authorship” in philosophy of language? (Trick: not core here)
A. The person who writes a book
B. How language links speakers and meaning (context-dependent)
C. The sound of a bell
D. The taste of food
Answer: B - What does “philosophical analysis” aim to do?
A. Break down concepts into clear parts and meanings
B. Paint pictures
C. Bake bread
D. Build machines
Answer: A - Which statement is a philosophical definition for “knowledge” in the classical view?
A. True belief with no reason
B. Justified true belief
C. Random guess
D. Strong emotion
Answer: B - What did Gettier problems show about “justified true belief”?
A. It is always sufficient for knowledge
B. There can be justified true belief without knowledge (counterexamples exist)
C. It is never true
D. It is a mathematical formula
Answer: B - What is “pragmatism” in philosophy?
A. Focus on ideas by their practical effects and usefulness
B. Only using logic symbols
C. Rejecting action
D. Believing myths only
Answer: A - Which is an example of an analytic statement?
A. “All bachelors are unmarried men.” (true by meaning)
B. “The sky is green.”
C. “Water boils at 500°C.”
D. “Cats are dogs.”
Answer: A - Which is an example of a synthetic statement?
A. “All squares have four sides.”
B. “The sun rises in the east.” (empirical fact)
C. “A triangle has three sides.”
D. “All bachelors are unmarried.”
Answer: B - What is the role of definitions in philosophy?
A. To confuse students
B. To clarify meaning and reduce ambiguity in arguments
C. To write long essays only
D. To remove all questions
Answer: B - In symbolic logic, “¬(P ∨ Q)” is equivalent to:
A. ¬P ∧ ¬Q (by De Morgan’s law)
B. P ∧ Q
C. P ∨ Q
D. ¬P ∨ ¬Q
Answer: A - Which is an example of an argument form used to show validity?
A. Circular reasoning only
B. Modus ponens and modus tollens
C. Ad hominem
D. Straw man
Answer: B - What is “practical reason”?
A. Reason used to make decisions about actions and goals
B. Reason used only in math
C. Reason that never helps choices
D. Reason that is purely emotional
Answer: A - What do we mean by “moral relativism”?
A. There is one single moral code for everyone
B. Moral truth depends on culture or person, not absolute standards
C. Only one action is moral always
D. Morality equals science only
Answer: B - Which question belongs to philosophy of death and mortality?
A. How to prepare food
B. What is death and what makes death bad for someone?
C. How fast is light?
D. What is the capital of France?
Answer: B - What is “existential freedom”?
A. Freedom to choose meaning and act despite limits and anxiety
B. Freedom from paying taxes
C. Freedom without responsibility
D. Freedom without consequences
Answer: A - What does “moral justification” require?
A. No reasons at all
B. Good reasons or principles showing an action is right
C. Popularity only
D. Being traditional only
Answer: B - In logic, a “counterexample” shows:
A. That something is definitely true
B. That a general claim or argument form is false or invalid
C. That arguments are always valid
D. That premises are always true
Answer: B - Which is true of a valid deductive argument?
A. True premises guarantee the truth of the conclusion
B. True premises never affect the conclusion
C. It must have false premises
D. It always uses numbers
Answer: A - What is “philosophical counseling” in brief?
A. Giving advice based on philosophical reflection to help life problems
B. Medical practice only
C. Building houses only
D. Teaching math only
Answer: A - Which is a use of logic in daily life?
A. Making clear decisions, spotting weak arguments, and checking claims
B. Only writing poems
C. Only doing art
D. Only dreaming
Answer: A - Which is an example of an informal logical fallacy?
A. Modus ponens
B. Ad populum (appeal to the people)
C. Modus tollens
D. Contraposition
Answer: B - What is the main concern in the “problem of being”?
A. How to cook rice
B. What it means for something to exist and what kinds of things there are
C. How to build software
D. How to win arguments
Answer: B - Which method is descriptive in philosophy?
A. Tells how people actually think and use concepts (describing, not judging)
B. Forces people to accept rules only
C. Makes absolute moral laws only
D. Destroys all views
Answer: A
Looking for an easier way to access past questions, study materials, and more? The Studentsdash App is here to make your academic life simpler!
Click the link below to download and start using it today.
