Study the Updated GST 202 Past Questions and Answers
Questions
- Conflict can be best defined as:
a. A peaceful negotiation process
b. A disagreement between parties
c. A process of harmony
d. An agreement on all issues
e. None of the above
Answer: b - Which of the following is NOT a type of conflict?
a. Interpersonal conflict
b. Intrapersonal conflict
c. Environmental conflict
d. Organizational conflict
e. Philosophical conflict
Answer: e - One major cause of conflict is:
a. Understanding between individuals
b. Resource scarcity
c. Cultural similarities
d. Political stability
e. Social harmony
Answer: b - Effective conflict management involves:
a. Ignoring the conflict
b. Escalating the disagreement
c. Applying strategic resolution mechanisms
d. Avoiding communication
e. All of the above
Answer: c - Mediation in conflict resolution is carried out by:
a. A biased party
b. A neutral third party
c. A direct participant
d. The aggressor
e. None of the above
Answer: b - Which of these is NOT an example of conflict prevention?
a. Early warning systems
b. Strengthening institutions
c. Ignoring disputes
d. Promoting dialogue
e. Peace education
Answer: c - An ethnic conflict is defined as:
a. A disagreement within families
b. A conflict involving ethnic groups
c. A dispute over job promotions
d. A conflict caused by external forces
e. None of the above
Answer: b - The term “peacebuilding” refers to:
a. Constructing physical infrastructure
b. Establishing conditions for sustainable peace
c. Avoiding conflict resolution
d. Allowing disputes to escalate
e. Strengthening military forces
Answer: b - A primary function of arbitration is:
a. Increasing hostility
b. Enforcing decisions through a third party
c. Avoiding discussions
d. Encouraging violent protests
e. Preventing resolution
Answer: b - Which of these is considered a structural cause of conflict?
a. Economic inequality
b. Miscommunication
c. Religious tolerance
d. Family disputes
e. Technological advancements
Answer: a
- The primary goal of peacekeeping operations is:
a. To escalate conflicts
b. To restore and maintain peace
c. To promote violence
d. To create political instability
e. To focus on economic growth
Answer: b - One key feature of alternative dispute resolution (ADR) is:
a. Dependence on legal battles
b. Expensive procedures
c. Voluntary participation
d. Aggressive tactics
e. Biased outcomes
Answer: c - Which of the following is NOT a tool for conflict management?
a. Mediation
b. Negotiation
c. Arbitration
d. Hostility
e. Conciliation
Answer: d - Intrapersonal conflict occurs:
a. Between nations
b. Within an individual
c. Among organizations
d. Between two ethnic groups
e. In a community
Answer: b - The term “conflict transformation” means:
a. Worsening a conflict situation
b. Shifting a conflict into a positive change
c. Avoiding communication
d. Creating new disputes
e. None of the above
Answer: b - Cultural conflicts are caused by:
a. Similar traditions
b. Religious and cultural differences
c. Equal resource allocation
d. Harmonious relationships
e. Social stability
Answer: b - The concept of “zero-sum” in conflict implies:
a. Both parties benefit equally
b. One party wins, and the other loses
c. No resources are involved
d. Mutual collaboration
e. None of the above
Answer: b - Conflict escalation is characterized by:
a. Increased cooperation
b. Reduced tension
c. Intensified hostility
d. Peaceful dialogue
e. Reconciliation efforts
Answer: c - Gender-based conflict refers to disputes arising from:
a. Political ideologies
b. Gender roles and expectations
c. Economic policies
d. Technological innovations
e. Cultural unity
Answer: b - A peace conference is an example of:
a. Military engagement
b. Conflict resolution strategy
c. Structural conflict
d. Cultural integration
e. Ethnic dispute
Answer: b - Intergroup conflict occurs:
a. Within one individual
b. Between different groups
c. Among family members
d. Within an organization
e. Inside a political party
Answer: b - The use of dialogue in conflict resolution is primarily aimed at:
a. Suppressing opinions
b. Encouraging understanding and cooperation
c. Promoting aggression
d. Avoiding negotiation
e. Limiting communication
Answer: b - Which of the following is NOT an effect of conflict?
a. Economic growth
b. Loss of lives
c. Displacement of people
d. Destruction of infrastructure
e. Political instability
Answer: a - Sustainable development in conflict management focuses on:
a. Promoting resource depletion
b. Ensuring long-term peace and stability
c. Ignoring social welfare
d. Prioritizing military actions
e. Avoiding conflict resolution
Answer: b - The first step in conflict resolution is:
a. Ignoring the problem
b. Understanding the root cause
c. Encouraging confrontation
d. Promoting violence
e. Escalating disputes
Answer: b - An example of an internal conflict is:
a. A trade war
b. A personal moral dilemma
c. A border dispute
d. A political uprising
e. None of the above
Answer: b - The term “reconciliation” in conflict resolution refers to:
a. Seeking revenge
b. Restoring broken relationships
c. Preventing dialogue
d. Ignoring the past
e. Promoting new conflicts
Answer: b - Structural violence is a form of:
a. Physical violence
b. Systematic inequality in society
c. Open warfare
d. Direct conflict
e. Non-violent action
Answer: b - One of the roles of international organizations in conflict resolution is:
a. Promoting disputes
b. Providing mediation and peacekeeping services
c. Ignoring global issues
d. Encouraging territorial conflicts
e. Supporting aggressive regimes
Answer: b - Which of the following promotes peacebuilding?
a. Resource allocation disparities
b. Inclusive governance and justice
c. Economic oppression
d. Political exclusion
e. None of the above
Answer: b
- Conflict resolution is defined as:
a. Avoiding the issues entirely
b. Finding a peaceful solution to a dispute
c. Prolonging the conflict
d. Escalating the disagreement
e. Ignoring the parties involved
Answer: b - Which of these is an example of constructive conflict?
a. A heated argument with no resolution
b. A dispute leading to positive change
c. A prolonged battle with losses
d. Total breakdown in communication
e. None of the above
Answer: b - Conflict prevention requires:
a. Procrastination
b. Early warning systems and intervention
c. Ignoring potential disputes
d. Spreading misinformation
e. Avoiding dialogue
Answer: b - A neutral party in mediation must:
a. Favor one side
b. Ensure impartiality
c. Ignore the conflict
d. Promote aggression
e. Take control of the decision
Answer: b - One of the key strategies for managing ethnic conflicts is:
a. Avoiding discussion of cultural issues
b. Promoting inclusiveness and dialogue
c. Supporting discriminatory practices
d. Suppressing minority groups
e. Encouraging separation
Answer: b - In conflict theory, power struggle is often cited as:
a. A secondary cause
b. A root cause of conflict
c. An irrelevant factor
d. A solution to disputes
e. A resolution method
Answer: b - Gender mainstreaming in conflict resolution refers to:
a. Ignoring gender perspectives
b. Addressing the roles of men and women equally
c. Focusing solely on men
d. Neglecting women’s contributions
e. Promoting patriarchal dominance
Answer: b - The absence of direct violence but the presence of inequalities is known as:
a. Peacebuilding
b. Structural violence
c. Positive peace
d. Absolute war
e. Political harmony
Answer: b - National identity conflicts often arise from:
a. Strong unity in a nation
b. Disputes over citizenship and cultural differences
c. Equal treatment of all citizens
d. Shared goals among diverse groups
e. None of the above
Answer: b - Arbitration differs from mediation because:
a. The arbitrator makes a binding decision
b. The arbitrator is biased
c. The mediator dictates the solution
d. Arbitration avoids communication
e. None of the above
Answer: a - Economic inequality is a common cause of:
a. Political stability
b. Social conflict
c. Environmental improvement
d. Gender equality
e. Conflict resolution
Answer: b - The principle of restorative justice focuses on:
a. Punishing offenders
b. Repairing harm and rebuilding relationships
c. Escalating the conflict
d. Avoiding accountability
e. Promoting division
Answer: b - One of the roles of NGOs in conflict resolution is:
a. Promoting disputes
b. Providing humanitarian assistance and advocacy
c. Supporting violent regimes
d. Encouraging political instability
e. Ignoring societal issues
Answer: b - Conflict analysis is essential for:
a. Avoiding resolution strategies
b. Identifying the causes and dynamics of conflicts
c. Ignoring the root causes
d. Promoting misunderstandings
e. Escalating disputes
Answer: b - Peace education aims to:
a. Encourage revenge
b. Promote values of peace and tolerance
c. Ignore cultural diversity
d. Create divisions among people
e. Prolong conflicts
Answer: b - One of the consequences of unresolved conflicts is:
a. Improved cooperation
b. Political instability and economic decline
c. Increased peacebuilding efforts
d. Strengthened social bonds
e. Effective communication
Answer: b - Conflict-sensitive approaches involve:
a. Ignoring the effects of interventions
b. Minimizing harm and maximizing positive impacts
c. Escalating disputes
d. Focusing solely on military solutions
e. Avoiding dialogue
Answer: b - Women in conflict often play roles as:
a. Mediators and peacebuilders
b. Escalators of violence
c. Passive observers
d. Aggressors
e. None of the above
Answer: a - Interfaith dialogue aims to:
a. Create religious divisions
b. Promote mutual understanding among faiths
c. Prolong religious conflicts
d. Disregard cultural values
e. Oppose peaceful coexistence
Answer: b - Conflict transformation differs from conflict resolution by:
a. Addressing only the immediate problem
b. Seeking long-term structural and cultural changes
c. Ignoring root causes
d. Promoting short-term peace agreements
e. Avoiding communication
Answer: b
- The concept of negative peace refers to:
a. The absence of violence and presence of justice
b. The absence of direct violence but no justice
c. Long-term sustainable peace
d. Complete harmony in society
e. Economic development without peace
Answer: b - One major disadvantage of using force in conflict resolution is:
a. It reduces hostility
b. It often leads to long-term resentment
c. It promotes peace immediately
d. It builds trust among parties
e. It is always successful
Answer: b - The role of youth in peacebuilding includes:
a. Igniting violence
b. Promoting social cohesion and dialogue
c. Encouraging societal divisions
d. Avoiding participation in decision-making
e. Supporting only one side of a conflict
Answer: b - Conflicts caused by scarcity of resources are called:
a. Political conflicts
b. Environmental conflicts
c. Resource-based conflicts
d. Ethnic conflicts
e. Social conflicts
Answer: c - Post-conflict reconstruction focuses on:
a. Prolonging disputes
b. Rebuilding infrastructure and fostering reconciliation
c. Ignoring affected communities
d. Supporting inequality
e. Promoting economic sanctions
Answer: b - The first step in negotiation is:
a. Ignoring the other party
b. Understanding the interests of both sides
c. Making a final demand
d. Escalating the conflict
e. Promoting hostility
Answer: b - Religious conflict often arises from:
a. Mutual respect between religions
b. Misunderstandings and intolerance among faiths
c. Economic differences
d. Gender roles in society
e. Equal resource distribution
Answer: b - The essence of intercultural communication is to:
a. Promote cultural superiority
b. Bridge differences and foster understanding
c. Avoid interactions among cultures
d. Encourage cultural conflicts
e. Focus on one culture
Answer: b - Which of the following is an indicator of a successful mediation process?
a. Escalated hostility
b. Increased understanding between parties
c. Breakdown in communication
d. Refusal to compromise
e. Bias towards one party
Answer: b - The term “early warning system” in conflict management refers to:
a. Military action plans
b. Mechanisms to identify and address potential conflicts early
c. Delayed interventions
d. Avoidance of action
e. Political propaganda
Answer: b - Social justice is important in peacebuilding because it:
a. Promotes discrimination
b. Encourages equality and fairness
c. Ignores the marginalized
d. Favors specific groups
e. Avoids addressing conflicts
Answer: b - The conflict cycle begins with:
a. Resolution
b. Tension or disagreement
c. Mediation
d. Reconciliation
e. Peacebuilding
Answer: b - Which of the following is NOT a method of conflict resolution?
a. Negotiation
b. Arbitration
c. Reconciliation
d. Escalation
e. Mediation
Answer: d - Peace agreements are effective when:
a. They address only short-term issues
b. They are inclusive and address root causes
c. They exclude major stakeholders
d. They enforce power imbalance
e. They are hastily signed
Answer: b - Reconciliation after conflict is hindered by:
a. Trust-building initiatives
b. Deep-seated hatred and unresolved issues
c. Transparent dialogue
d. Inclusive governance
e. Justice for victims
Answer: b - The term “win-win” solution in negotiation means:
a. Both parties are dissatisfied
b. Both parties gain mutual benefits
c. One party loses everything
d. Compromises are ignored
e. Only the mediator benefits
Answer: b - Climate change is often linked to:
a. Religious conflicts
b. Environmental and resource-based conflicts
c. Technological disputes
d. Cultural harmony
e. Economic stability
Answer: b - What is a key challenge in resolving global conflicts?
a. Absence of international laws
b. Differing interests of global powers
c. Lack of communication channels
d. Strong unity among nations
e. Excessive peace initiatives
Answer: b - Which of the following is an approach to managing workplace conflict?
a. Encouraging gossip
b. Fostering open communication
c. Promoting favoritism
d. Avoiding the issue
e. Creating more rules
Answer: b - Conflict resolution training is essential for:
a. Only leaders
b. All individuals in society
c. Military personnel only
d. The wealthy class
e. Political elites only
Answer: b
- Non-violent communication focuses on:
a. Blaming others for conflicts
b. Expressing needs and feelings respectfully
c. Avoiding dialogue altogether
d. Promoting aggressive behavior
e. Forcing agreement
Answer: b - One of the consequences of war is:
a. Strengthened diplomatic relations
b. Massive loss of life and displacement
c. Economic prosperity for all
d. Increased cooperation among nations
e. Creation of sustainable peace
Answer: b - A peacebuilding process involves:
a. Ignoring societal grievances
b. Strengthening institutions and addressing root causes of conflict
c. Focusing solely on military intervention
d. Excluding marginalized groups
e. Escalating disputes
Answer: b - The term “peace enforcement” refers to:
a. Voluntary dialogue between warring parties
b. The use of force to maintain or restore peace
c. Ignoring international laws
d. Delaying peace negotiations
e. Avoiding conflict zones
Answer: b - Which of the following is NOT a cause of conflict?
a. Miscommunication
b. Equal distribution of resources
c. Political instability
d. Cultural misunderstandings
e. Economic inequality
Answer: b - The difference between conflict and violence is:
a. Violence is always peaceful
b. Conflict may not involve physical harm, but violence does
c. Conflict always involves physical aggression
d. Violence resolves issues peacefully
e. There is no difference
Answer: b - One of the advantages of collaborative conflict management is:
a. Suppressing diverse opinions
b. Encouraging mutual respect and solutions
c. Creating winners and losers
d. Avoiding cooperation
e. Prolonging disagreements
Answer: b - Effective leadership in conflict management requires:
a. Taking sides
b. Promoting transparency and fairness
c. Avoiding tough decisions
d. Ignoring the concerns of others
e. Escalating disputes
Answer: b - An example of a conflict resolution tool is:
a. Hostility
b. Dialogue and negotiation
c. Physical combat
d. Avoidance of problems
e. Imposed silence
Answer: b - Conflict sensitivity ensures that interventions:
a. Ignore the effects on society
b. Do not harm and contribute positively to peace
c. Are biased towards one party
d. Escalate the conflict further
e. Focus solely on short-term gains
Answer: b
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