EBSU-BIO 191 Past Questions and Answers

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  1. Identify the part labeled “A” in the microscope diagram.
    a) Objective lens
    b) Eyepiece
    c) Stage
    d) Base
    Answer: a) Objective lens
  2. What is the function of the diaphragm in a microscope?
    a) To magnify the specimen
    b) To control the amount of light reaching the specimen
    c) To hold the slide in place
    d) To focus the image
    Answer: b) To control the amount of light reaching the specimen
  3. In a drawing of a plant cell, which structure is responsible for photosynthesis?
    a) Cell wall
    b) Chloroplast
    c) Mitochondria
    d) Nucleus
    Answer: b) Chloroplast
  4. Which part of the ant is primarily responsible for sensing the environment?
    a) Antennae
    b) Mandibles
    c) Abdomen
    d) Thorax
    Answer: a) Antennae
  5. When preparing a slide for microscopic examination, what is the purpose of adding a coverslip?
    a) To enhance color
    b) To protect the objective lens
    c) To flatten the specimen and reduce air bubbles
    d) To increase magnification
    Answer: c) To flatten the specimen and reduce air bubbles
  6. Identify the structure labeled “B” in the ant anatomy diagram.
    a) Head
    b) Abdomen
    c) Thorax
    d) Legs
    Answer: c) Thorax
  7. Which of the following is a key characteristic of eukaryotic cells when observed under a microscope?
    a) Lack of nucleus
    b) Presence of membrane-bound organelles
    c) Smaller size than prokaryotic cells
    d) Unicellular only
    Answer: b) Presence of membrane-bound organelles
  8. What staining technique is often used to visualize cell structures under a microscope?
    a) Heat fixing
    b) Gram staining
    c) Iodine staining
    d) Simple staining
    Answer: c) Iodine staining
  9. Identify the type of symmetry exhibited by an ant.
    a) Radial symmetry
    b) Bilateral symmetry
    c) Asymmetry
    d) Spherical symmetry
    Answer: b) Bilateral symmetry
  10. What is the role of the ocular lens in a microscope?
    a) To focus the image
    b) To magnify the image for viewing
    c) To illuminate the specimen
    d) To adjust light intensity
    Answer: b) To magnify the image for viewing
  11. When observing a slide under a microscope, what is the correct procedure for focusing?
    a) Start with the lowest power objective lens
    b) Use coarse focus on high power
    c) Adjust the diaphragm before focusing
    d) Only use fine focus at all times
    Answer: a) Start with the lowest power objective lens
  12. Identify the main function of the mandibles in an ant.
    a) Sensory perception
    b) Locomotion
    c) Feeding
    d) Reproduction
    Answer: c) Feeding
  13. What feature distinguishes a compound microscope from a simple microscope?
    a) Number of lenses
    b) Size of the specimen
    c) Source of illumination
    d) Type of specimen
    Answer: a) Number of lenses
  14. In the drawing of a cell, what does the cell membrane do?
    a) Provides energy
    b) Protects the cell and regulates transport
    c) Synthesizes proteins
    d) Stores genetic material
    Answer: b) Protects the cell and regulates transport
  15. What is the magnification if you are using a 10x eyepiece and a 40x objective lens?
    a) 100x
    b) 400x
    c) 50x
    d) 10x
    Answer: b) 400x
  16. Which part of a microscope should be adjusted to bring the specimen into sharp focus?
    a) Coarse focus knob
    b) Fine focus knob
    c) Diaphragm
    d) Revolving nosepiece
    Answer: b) Fine focus knob
  17. What is the primary purpose of a wet mount slide?
    a) To observe dry specimens
    b) To provide a clear view of living organisms
    c) To stain specimens
    d) To enhance colors
    Answer: b) To provide a clear view of living organisms
  18. Identify the organelle that is responsible for ATP production.
    a) Nucleus
    b) Mitochondria
    c) Ribosome
    d) Golgi apparatus
    Answer: b) Mitochondria
  19. What type of organism is an ant classified as?
    a) Vertebrate
    b) Invertebrate
    c) Fungi
    d) Plant
    Answer: b) Invertebrate
  20. In a microscope setup, what does the term “field of view” refer to?
    a) The size of the specimen
    b) The area visible through the eyepiece
    c) The total magnification
    d) The type of objective used
    Answer: b) The area visible through the eyepiece
  21. Which part of the microscope is used to adjust the light intensity?
    a) Stage
    b) Diaphragm
    c) Objective lens
    d) Ocular lens
    Answer: b) Diaphragm
  22. What structure in the plant cell is responsible for providing support?
    a) Chloroplast
    b) Cell membrane
    c) Cell wall
    d) Cytoplasm
    Answer: c) Cell wall
  23. Which type of cell division occurs in the formation of gametes?
    a) Mitosis
    b) Meiosis
    c) Binary fission
    d) Budding
    Answer: b) Meiosis
  24. What is the function of the flagella in some microorganisms?
    a) To capture food
    b) To help in movement
    c) To perform photosynthesis
    d) To store nutrients
    Answer: b) To help in movement
  25. Identify the primary component of the ant’s exoskeleton.
    a) Chitin
    b) Keratin
    c) Cellulose
    d) Collagen
    Answer: a) Chitin
  26. What is the main purpose of the nucleus in a cell?
    a) Energy production
    b) Genetic information storage
    c) Protein synthesis
    d) Photosynthesis
    Answer: b) Genetic information storage
  27. When observing a slide, what should you do if the specimen is out of focus?
    a) Adjust the light
    b) Change the slide
    c) Use the coarse focus knob first, then fine focus
    d) Move the stage up
    Answer: c) Use the coarse focus knob first, then fine focus
  28. What is the primary function of ribosomes?
    a) Energy production
    b) Protein synthesis
    c) DNA replication
    d) Lipid synthesis
    Answer: b) Protein synthesis
  29. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of life?
    a) Growth
    b) Reproduction
    c) Ability to move
    d) Metabolism
    Answer: c) Ability to move
  30. Identify the process by which cells take in large particles.
    a) Endocytosis
    b) Exocytosis
    c) Osmosis
    d) Diffusion
    Answer: a) Endocytosis
  31. What is the purpose of using a cover slip in microscopy?
    a) To enhance color
    b) To protect the lens
    c) To flatten the specimen
    d) To absorb excess light
    Answer: c) To flatten the specimen
  32. Which part of the microscope allows you to switch between different magnifications?
    a) Stage
    b) Revolving nosepiece
    c) Diaphragm
    d) Coarse focus knob
    Answer: b) Revolving nosepiece
  33. Identify the type of tissue represented by a drawing of a simple squamous epithelium.
    a) Muscle tissue
    b) Connective tissue
    c) Epithelial tissue
    d) Nervous tissue
    Answer: c) Epithelial tissue
  34. What structure in the ant helps with locomotion?
    a) Antennae
    b) Legs
    c) Mandibles
    d) Abdomen
    Answer: b) Legs
  35. **What is the role of chloroplasts in plant cells?**
    a) Respiration
    b) Photosynthesis
    c) Protein synthesis
    d) Cell division
    Answer: b) Photosynthesis
  36. Which of the following structures is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
    a) Nucleus
    b) Mitochondria
    c) Ribosomes
    d) Chloroplasts
    Answer: c) Ribosomes
  37. What is the function of the Golgi apparatus in a cell?
    a) Energy production
    b) Protein modification and packaging
    c) DNA replication
    d) Photosynthesis
    Answer: b) Protein modification and packaging
  38. Which part of the microscope is used to place the slide?
    a) Base
    b) Arm
    c) Stage
    d) Ocular lens
    Answer: c) Stage
  39. In a typical biology lab, what is the purpose of the pipette?
    a) To hold slides
    b) To mix chemicals
    c) To measure and transfer liquids
    d) To observe specimens
    Answer: c) To measure and transfer liquids
  40. Identify the main function of the endoplasmic reticulum.
    a) Energy production
    b) Protein and lipid synthesis
    c) Photosynthesis
    d) Cell division
    Answer: b) Protein and lipid synthesis
  41. What type of tissue connects and supports other tissues?
    a) Epithelial
    b) Muscle
    c) Nervous
    d) Connective
    Answer: d) Connective
  42. What is the purpose of fixing a specimen before staining?
    a) To make it more colorful
    b) To preserve the structure
    c) To increase transparency
    d) To prepare it for viewing
    Answer: b) To preserve the structure
  43. Identify the structure that regulates what enters and leaves the cell.
    a) Cell wall
    b) Cytoplasm
    c) Cell membrane
    d) Nucleus
    Answer: c) Cell membrane
  44. In an experiment, what does a control group do?
    a) Receives the treatment
    b) Provides a standard for comparison
    c) Is varied to test the hypothesis
    d) Is the main focus of the study
    Answer: b) Provides a standard for comparison
  45. What type of microscope uses beams of electrons to magnify specimens?
    a) Light microscope
    b) Compound microscope
    c) Scanning electron microscope
    d) Dissecting microscope
    Answer: c) Scanning electron microscope
  46. Identify the structure responsible for detoxifying harmful substances in cells.
    a) Ribosome
    b) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
    c) Golgi apparatus
    d) Lysosome
    Answer: b) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
  47. What is the primary function of the cell wall in plant cells?
    a) Protection and support
    b) Energy production
    c) Photosynthesis
    d) Nutrient storage
    Answer: a) Protection and support
  48. Which of the following is used to identify different types of cells through color changes?
    a) Light microscope
    b) Staining
    c) Electron microscopy
    d) Centrifugation
    Answer: b) Staining
  49. Identify the part of the microscope that holds the objective lenses.
    a) Stage
    b) Revolving nosepiece
    c) Base
    d) Arm
    Answer: b) Revolving nosepiece
  50. What is the primary role of lysosomes in a cell?
    a) Energy production
    b) Digestion of waste materials
    c) Protein synthesis
    d) Photosynthesis
    Answer: b) Digestion of waste materials

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